Congress holds hearings so that lawmakers can question military and civilian leaders about policy and operations. Hearings on Afghanistan have featured commanders, diplomats, and defense officials, including testimony by General David Petraeus on the war in 2010 and 2011.
A typical hearing follows a pattern. Witnesses submit a written statement, which becomes part of the record, give a shorter oral opening statement, and answer questions from members. Lawmakers may also submit questions for the record afterwards.
To read testimony yourself, look for transcripts and prepared statements on the websites of the relevant committees and on Congress.gov. Compare the written statement with the answers given, and check whether claims are supported by data.
Testimony is one source among many. Independent reports, inspector general findings, and academic studies help put it in context.